Kev siv thiab kev saib xyuas ntawm DC motors.
1. Kev npaj thiab tshuaj xyuas ua ntej siv
(1) Ntxuav cov plua plav, txhuam hmoov thiab cov av hauv lub cev.
(2) Txheeb xyuas qhov rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Feem ntau, nws yuav tsum tsis pub tsawg tshaj 0.5MΩ. Yog tias nws qis dua 0.5MΩ, nws yuav tsum tau qhuav ua ntej siv.
(3) Xyuas seb qhov chaw ntawm lub commutator puas du thiab huv. Yog tias pom tias muaj kev puas tsuaj los yog cov pa taws hlawv, lub commutator yuav tsum tau khaws cia.
(4) Xyuas seb tus txhuam hniav puas hnav luv luv, seb lub siab ntawm tus txhuam hniav puas tsim nyog, thiab seb txoj hauj lwm ntawm tus txhuam hniav puas tau raws li cov kev cai. Yog tias cov txhuam hniav yuav tsum tau hloov yog tias nws tsis ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, nws yuav tsum tau hloov raws li qhov loj me thiab qauv.
2. Kev saib xyuas ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog hauv kev ua haujlwm
Rau DC tsav tsheb hauv kev ua haujlwm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom muaj kev saib xyuas nquag hauv kev txiav txim siab, tshem tawm cov khoom siv tsis xws luag, thiab ua haujlwm ntev kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
(1) Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog, qhov ntsuas kub, kev co, lub suab thiab kev sib hloov ntawm txhua qhov yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas, thiab yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau seb puas muaj qhov kub thiab txias thiab tsis hnov tsw ntawm cov rwb thaiv tsev kub.
(2) Yog tias nws yog lub zog ntawm cov roj ntws, nws yuav tsum xyuas seb cov roj siab thiab qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov roj nkag mus tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Feem ntau, cov roj inlet kub yuav tsum tsawg dua 40 degree, thiab cov roj qhov hluav taws xob kub yuav tsum tsawg dua los yog sib npaug li 65 degree.
(3) Tshawb xyuas lub suab ntawm txhua ntu nrog lub mloog pob ntseg, thiab ua tib zoo saib seb puas muaj lwm cov suab sib txhuam ntawm lub rotor thiab stator tshwj tsis yog lub suab nrov electromagnetic thiab lub suab cua. Tshawb xyuas lub plhaub bearing lossis bearing rau lub suab txawv txav.
(4) Rau cov ntsiab lus sib txuas thiab cov insulators ntawm lub ntsiab Circuit Court, ua tib zoo saib seb puas muaj cov ntxhiab tsw txawv txav xws li overheating thiab discoloration, thiab seb puas muaj cov ntxhiab tsw txawv txav xws li hlawv cov rwb thaiv tsev.
(5) Rau qhov kaw qhov cua txias, ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias ntawm huab cua, thiab xyuas seb lub tshuab cua txias puas muaj cov dej ntws tawm thiab cov hws, thiab seb cov cua txuas ntxiv puas raug thaiv los yog tsis.
(6) Nco ntsoov xyuam xim rau qhov tam sim no thiab qhov voltage ntawm lub cev muaj zog, thiab ceev faj kom tsis txhob overload. Rau lub DC system nrog rwb thaiv tsev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas, nws cov rwb thaiv tsev rau hauv av yuav tsum tau xyuas tsis tu ncua.
(7) Tshawb xyuas seb cov xim ntawm cov oxide zaj duab xis nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub commutator puas yog qhov qub, seb puas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txhuam hniav thiab cov commutator, seb puas muaj cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab roj nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub commutator, thiab seb puas muaj yog hmoov av ntawm tus txhuam hniav thiab txhuam hniav.
(8) Xyuas seb qhov txhuam hniav puas yog chipped thiab hnav kom ntev li tsawg kawg nkaus.
(9) Tshawb xyuas seb cov txhuam txhuam puas tiav, seb puas muaj cov hlua tawg lossis tawg, seb qhov kev sib txuas nrog tus txhuam hniav puas zoo, thiab seb puas muaj av thiab luv luv.
(10) Tshawb xyuas seb cov txhuam hniav lossis txhuam hniav puas muaj xim tsis zoo vim muaj cua sov, thiab seb cov txhuam hniav puas tau daig lossis wobbled hauv tus txhuam hniav.
(11) Xyuas seb qhov txhuam txhuam ntawm cov txhuam hniav puas zoo ib yam, thiab seb tus ntiv tes siab puas yog nias zoo.
(12) Txheeb xyuas seb lub commutator puas hnav tsis sib xws, seb qhov tsis sib xws tau dhau ntawm tus nqi tso cai, thiab seb puas muaj cov mica ntawm cov nplooj ntawv uas ua rau txhuam txhuam.
Feem ntau faults thiab tu txoj kev ntawm DC motors
DC lub cev muaj zog tsis pib
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Lub cev muaj zog tsis txuas nrog lub zog tsim nyog lossis lub zog hluav taws xob tsis muaj hluav taws xob.
(2) Lub excitation winding Circuit Court yog qhib Circuit Court.
(3) Cov txhuam hniav tsis zoo.
(4) Tam sim no dhau mus rau DC lub cev muaj zog tsawg dhau thaum pib.
(5) Nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau pib yog tias lub load hnyav dhau.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Ua ntej, siv multimeter los ntsuas seb lub hwj huam mov puas muaj qhov hluav taws xob, thiab rov qab kho lub zog hluav taws xob thaum tsis muaj hluav taws xob. Xyuas seb lub fuse puas yog cua tshuab, thiab seb cov kab hluav taws xob puas yog qhib Circuit Court, yog tias muaj, txuas cov kab txuas. Kuj xyuas qhov kev txiav txim ntawm lub overload tiv thaiv ntaus ntawv. Yog tias nws tau ua, nws yuav tsum rov pib dua tom qab txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau, thiab rov pib lub cev muaj zog.
(2) Siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tiv thaiv hluav taws xob los ntawm kev tawm ntawm qhov excitation winding. Yog tias qhov sib koom ua ke raug hlawv, nws yuav tsum tau txuas dua; Yog hais tias lub winding yog burnt thiab qhib, lub winding yuav tsum tau hloov. Thaum kawg, siv multimeter los xyuas seb qhov excitation voltage zoo li cas, nrhiav qhov laj thawj los ntawm cov kab xa tawm, thiab kho nws.
(3) Txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib cuag ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog txhuam, du qhov chaw sib cuag nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo, thiab kho cov txhuam txhuam kom tsim nyog.
(4) Xyuas seb lub Circuit Court puas muaj kev sib cuag tsis zoo, thiab xyuas seb cov khoom pib puas haum nrog DC lub cev muaj zog.
(5) Kev thauj khoom ntau dhau yog ib qho tseem ceeb vim li cas DC lub cev muaj zog tsis tuaj yeem pib. Ua ntej tig lub cav coupling los yog tsav tsheb rub los ntawm tes kom pom tias nws tuaj yeem tig tau yooj yim. Yog hais tias lub cev muaj zog yog overloaded los yog daig, vim li cas yuav tsum tau pom los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab kis tau tus mob thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab yuav tsum tau kho; Yog hais tias tus kabmob ntawm lub cev muaj zog nws tus kheej puas thiab daig, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los qhib lub cev muaj zog thiab hloov cov kabmob ntawm tib hom.
Tom qab DC lub cev muaj zog pib, qhov ceev yog qhov txawv txav, qhov ceev yog siab dhau los yog qis dhau, thiab nws tau nrog cov nplaim taws
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Txoj hauj lwm ntawm txhuam yog offset thiab tsis nyob rau hauv txoj hauj lwm ib txwm.
(2) Kev tiv thaiv Circuit Court ntawm cov hlau nplaum winding yog loj heev.
(3) Lub armature thiab teb windings muaj luv-circuit lossis qhib-circuit ntsiab lus.
(4) Lub load ntawm series excitation motor yog lub teeb dhau.
(5) Lub series excitation teb winding yog thim rov qab.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Rov faib cov txhuam hniav raws li qhov chaw cim thawj lossis kho qhov chaw ntawm txhuam los ntawm txoj kev induction.
(2) Txheeb xyuas seb puas muaj cov pob qij txha ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus winding Circuit Court muaj oxide txheej los tiv thaiv kev sib cuag tsis zoo. Yog tias muaj oxide txheej, nws yuav tsum tau smoothed nrog sandpaper. Txheeb xyuas qhov sib nqus teb winding nrog lub multimeter. Thaum qhov kev tawm tsam loj dhau lawm, lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum tau tig mus nrhiav qhov ua rau, thiab qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntawm qhov sib nqus qhov tseeb yuav tsum ntsuas. Yog tias nws tsis raug, qhov laj thawj yuav tsum tau pom los ntawm cov kab xa tawm.
(3) Tig lub DC lub cev muaj zog, cais cov hlua txuas, ntsuas qhov tsis kam ntawm cov hlau nplaum sib nqus sib nqus, nrhiav qhov luv-circuit point ntawm txhua pab pawg coils, thiab hloov lossis kho cov coils hauv zos.
(4) Thaum qhov ceev ntawm lub series-zoo siab lub cev muaj zog yog txawv txav nyob rau hauv lub teeb load, thiab lub cev muaj zog Circuit Court tsis muaj teeb meem, lub load ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav tsum tau kom tsim nyog.
(5) Tshawb xyuas cov xov hluav taws xob ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob ua kom muaj zog, thiab rov ua dua nws raws li txoj kev raug.
DC lub cev muaj zog oscillates thaum ua haujlwm
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Qhov voltage ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog hluav taws xob hloov pauv.
(2) Lub cev muaj zog txhuam tsis yog ntawm cov hlau tsis huv.
(3) Lub excitation tam sim no me me dhau los yog lub excitation Circuit Court muaj luv luv-circuit point.
(4) Lub series excitation winding los yog commutation ncej winding yog thim rov qab.
(5) Cov khoom siv thauj khoom hloov pauv ntau dhau thaum sib hloov.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Ua ntej disconnect lub cev muaj zog armature voltage, txuas lub load, thiab nrhiav qhov ua rau ntawm armature voltage fluctuation. Nrhiav qhov laj thawj los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob thiab daws nrog nws.
(2) Reassemble tus txhuam raws li thawj qhov chaw cim, lossis kho qhov chaw ntawm txhuam los ntawm txoj kev induction.
(3) Tsim nyog ua kom cov excitation tam sim no los yog disconnect lub hwj chim mov, thiab xyuas seb puas muaj ib tug luv luv-circuit point los yog qhib Circuit Court nyob rau hauv excitation Circuit Court. Thaum lub Circuit Court yog luv-circuited tiag, lub kauj yuav tsum tau hloov.
(4) Reconnect lub commutating ncej windings raws li daim duab thaiv ntawm lub npe ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog.
(5) Tshawb xyuas cov neeg kho tshuab kev hnav thiab tsim kua muag, seb puas muaj kev thauj khoom sai sai, thiab hloov cov khoom nrog cov khoom siv hnyav.
Qhov txhuam txhuam loj dhau thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Muaj kev sib cuag tsis zoo ntawm tus txhuam hniav thiab cov commutator.
(2) Cov txhuam hniav thiab txhuam hniav yog nruj heev thiab tau daig hauv.
(3) Cov txhuam hniav tau hnav ntau dhau los yog qhov loj me thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txhuam hniav tshiab uas hloov tshiab tsis sib haum nrog cov khoom qub.
(4) tsis sib npaug ntawm cov txhuam hniav thiab tsis sib xws tam sim no ntawm cov txhuam hniav.
(5) Lub commutation ncej winding yog reversely txuas los yog muaj ib tug luv luv Circuit Court point.
(6) Desoldering ntawm armature winding thiab commutator.
(7) Txoj hauj lwm txhuam tsis yog nyob rau ntawm txoj kab nruab nrab lossis tus txhuam txhuam txav tau xoob.
(8) Kev txhuam tsis zoo lossis tsis sib xws.
(9) Lub commutator yog qias neeg, kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yog loj heev, los yog lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov commutator ntu protrudes.
(10) Mechanical load hnyav heev.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Sib tsoo qhov sib cuag ntawm cov txhuam hniav nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo, thiab so cov kev sib cuag ntawm cov txhuam hniav thiab cov commutator nrog cov ntaub huv huv, nruab cov txhuam hniav, thiab siv cov hluav taws xob ua kom lub DC lub cev muaj zog rau li 1h ntawm qhov ceev thiab lub teeb load.
(2) Siv cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo los txhuam cov txhuam me me, kom cov txhuam hniav tuaj yeem txav mus rau hauv cov txhuam hniav dawb.
(3) Hloov cov txhuam hniav tshiab uas tsim nyog raws li tus qauv qub thiab qhov loj ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog.
(4) Kho qhov chaw faib khoom ntawm cov txhuam hniav.
(5) Rov qab txuas cov xaim ntawm cov ncej sib txuas sib txuas ntawm qhov raug, thiab co nws cov rwb thaiv tsev nrog 500V megohmmeter. Lub kauj yuav tsum tau hloov thaum lub kauj yog luv luv-circuited tiag.
(6) Tig lub DC lub cev muaj zog, ua tib zoo nrhiav qhov de-soldering point ntawm armature winding thiab commutator, thiab rov ua dua.
(7) Kho tus txhuam txhuam mus rau qhov qub txoj hauj lwm los yog nrhiav kom paub qhov nruab nrab txoj kab ntawm txhuam los ntawm txoj kev induction. Piv txwv li, thaum lub cev muaj zog tawm, txuas lub millivolt 'meter' mus rau txhuam ntawm ob pawg uas nyob ib sab, txuas ib qho kev hloov hauv series nrog cov excitation winding, thiab txuas lub roj teeb 3V. Thaum lub tshuab hluav taws xob qhib thiab kaw, tus pointer ntawm millivolt meter viav vias sab laug thiab sab xis, thiab qhov no rov ua tsis tu ncua. Tig lub hloov mus rau thiab tawm, thiab txav tus txhuam tuav txoj hauj lwm rov qab mus rau pem hauv ntej kom txog rau thaum lub pointer swings mus rau qhov tsawg kawg nkaus, thiab txhuam txoj hauj lwm tsuas yog nyob rau ntawm kab nruab nrab, saib daim duab 9-68.
Txoj kev los nrhiav txoj hauj lwm ntawm cov kab nruab nrab ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog txhuam
(8) Nrhiav qhov sib npaug ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav thiab kho qhov txhuam txhuam kom nws zoo dua ntawm 150-250gf/cm (1gf/cm2=98.0665MPa).
(9) txhuam qhov qias neeg ntawm lub commutator thiab tshem tawm qee qhov mica rwb thaiv tsev kom zoo.
(10) Tshawb xyuas qhov laj thawj ntawm qhov overload ntawm lub load. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm lub cev muaj zog bearing los hloov cov kabmob. Nws yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab load thiab cov neeg kho tshuab fault point yuav tsum tau kho. Thaum lub cev muaj peev xwm tsis haum, DC lub cev muaj peev xwm loj yuav tsum tau hloov.
DC lub cev muaj zog hluav taws xob faib txee tso pa taws
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Lub cev muaj zog tshaj lub sijhawm ntev.
(2) Lub commutator lossis armature ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog luv luv.
(3) Lub cev muaj zog pib ncaj qha ntawm kev kub ceev lossis khiav ntau zaus hauv pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab cov lus qhia.
(4) Lub cev muaj zog davhlau ya nyob twg voltage tsawg dhau.
(5) Lub cev muaj zog bearing puas lawm.
(6) Muaj xeb thiab cov khib nyiab hauv stator thiab rotor rub tawm ib leeg.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Tam sim ntawd disconnect lub tshuab fais fab mov, nrhiav qhov ua rau tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm cov neeg kho tshuab load, thiab pib lub cev muaj zog thaum lub load yog li qub.
(2) Ua tib zoo saib seb puas muaj cov khoom txawv teb chaws lossis cov hlau nplaum poob rau hauv lub commutator, thiab ntxuav nws yog tias muaj. Tom qab ntawd siv millivolt meter los xyuas qhov luv luv ntawm armature winding. Yog hais tias lub luv luv Circuit Court yog me ntsis kho, nws yuav tsum tau kho, thiab thaum kawg ntxiv insulating xim; Yog tias nws tsis tuaj yeem kho tau, lub winding yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.
(3) Siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuam, thiab kho cov txheej txheem pib ua haujlwm kom ntev lub sijhawm hloov mus rau pem hauv ntej thiab thim rov qab.
(4) Tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab siv lub tshuab ntsuas ntau los ntsuas seb lub cev muaj zog armature voltage tsawg dhau. Yog tias nws qis dhau, nws yuav tsum tau hloov kho rau tus nqi ib txwm muaj.
(5) Qhib lub DC lub cev muaj zog thiab xyuas qhov kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Yog tias nws puas lawm, hloov cov kabmob ntawm tib hom nrog zoo dua.
(6) Qhib lub cev muaj zog thiab rub tawm lub rotor, tshem tawm cov xeb thiab lwm yam khib nyiab, thiab xyuas seb qhov sib txawv ntawm lub cev muaj zog puas zoo li qub. Yog tias qhov sib txawv ntawm huab cua tsis sib xws, cov kabmob yuav tsum tau hloov.
Txhua lwm daim ntawm DC motor commutator yog charred thiab blackened. Tom qab ntxuav, lub cev muaj zog tseem dub.
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Muaj de-soldering thiab qhib Circuit Court faults ntawm scorched thiab blackened commutator ntu voltage equalizing kab thiab armature winding txuas kab.
(2) Lub armature windings txuas nrog cov ntu dub commutator no muaj cov ntsiab lus luv luv.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Re- solder lub qhib-circuit equalizing kab, xyuas seb puas muaj ib tug de-soldering ntawm armature winding thiab armature winding, thiab rov solder yog tias muaj.
(2) Qhib lub cev muaj zog, xyuas qhov luv luv ntawm armature winding thiab kho nws. Yog tias qhov luv luv Circuit Court loj, hloov lub armature winding.
Thaum DC lub cev muaj zog pib, lub tshuab shunt tig rov qab, thiab tom qab ntawd tig mus tom ntej tom qab pib.
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
Lub series winding yog thim rov qab.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
Hloov cov connectors ntawm ob lub xov hlau lead ntawm lub series excitation winding.
DC motor casing leakage
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Dej nkag mus rau hauv lub cev muaj zog lossis lwm yam impurities nkag mus rau sab hauv ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
(2) Cov hlau lead ntawm lub cev muaj zog yog nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub cev muaj zog casing qhov chaw.
(3) Lub cev muaj zog grounding hlau yog qhib Circuit Court los yog lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis kam ntawm lub cev muaj zog winding rau lub casing yog me me heev.
(4) Lub rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub cev muaj zog winding raug puas tsuaj thiab txuas nrog rau sab nrauv.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Qhib lub cev muaj zog, saib ncaj qha seb puas muaj dej nyob hauv sab hauv, thiab xyuas seb puas muaj qhov chaw ntub dej. Yog tias muaj, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav thiab qhuav. Tom qab ntawd siv 500V megohmmeter los co lub winding ntawm txhua theem ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab cov rwb thaiv tsev rau hauv av kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua. Lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem siv dua.
(2) Qhib lub cev muaj zog, thiab hloov cov hlau lead uas hu rau lub casing lossis cov xaim uas tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub thaiv npog.
(3) Reconnect lub cev muaj zog tiv thaiv av xaim nrog ntau txoj hlua tooj liab. Lub cev muaj zog nrog kev rwb thaiv tsev tsis zoo yuav tsum tau txhuam nrog cov xim insulating thiab qhuav.
(4) Hloov cov winding nrog puas rwb thaiv tsev ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
DC lub cev muaj zog muaj kev co txawv txav
Qhov ua rau ua tsis tiav
(1) Lub hauv paus ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog tsis muaj zog.
(2) Kev kho lub cev muaj zog bolts tsis fastened lossis swb.
(3) Lub cev muaj zog bearing puas lawm.
(4) DC lub cev muaj zog thiab lub log tsheb tsis sib haum.
Txoj kev tu thiab kev txawj ntse
(1) Reinstall lub cev muaj zog infrastructure.
(2) Tighten lub cev muaj zog thauj tog rau nkoj bolts los yog rov kais lub thauj tog rau nkoj qhov.
(3) Hloov lub cev muaj zog ntawm tib hom.
(4) Loosen lub cev muaj zog thauj tog rau nkoj bolts, thiab recalibrate lub cev muaj zog log thiab cov neeg kho tshuab load log kom lawv concentric.
