Universal motors, Induction motors, thiab DC motors yog tag nrho cov hluav taws xob motors. Lawv tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb thiab pej xeem. Txawm hais tias cov tshuab hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem siv los ua cov haujlwm zoo sib xws, lawv cov qauv, cov qauv kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ua haujlwm sib txawv heev. Kab lus no yuav tsom mus rau qhov sib txawv ntawm Universal motors, Induction motors thiab DC motors.
1. Universal lub cev muaj zog
Series zoo siab motors kuj hu ua AC Universal motors. Hauv Universal lub cev muaj zog, hluav taws xob tam sim no raug xa mus rau ob qho tib si tig (rotor) thiab qhov chaw nres tsheb (stator) ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom no tuaj yeem muab piv rau ib lub voj voog, yog li lub npe universal motor. Lub cev muaj zog universal yog lub cev tsis muaj zog. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj, qhov ceev ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav maj mam txo qis thaum lub load nce. Yog li ntawd, nws tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm qis thiab nruab nrab.
Series motors muaj ob lub ntsiab polarities: zoo thiab tsis zoo. Thaum lawv txuas nrog DC lub zog, qhov zoo tshaj plaws tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub cev muaj zog rotor thiab stator. Thaum tam sim no ntws los ntawm lub rotor, nws tsim ib qho chaw sib nqus uas cuam tshuam nrog stator teb los tsim lub torque uas tig lub rotor. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev thauj khoom thiab kev ceev tuaj yeem qhia tau raws li qhov sib npaug hauv qab no:
Vt=Eb plus RpIa
Ntawm lawv, Vt yog lub davhlau ya nyob twg voltage, Eb yog lub zog hluav taws xob rov qab, Rp yog lub zog sab hauv ntawm lub cev, thiab Ia yog qhov tam sim no ntawm lub cev muaj zog.
Daim ntawv thov ntawm series motors muaj xws li tshuab luam ntawv, me me hluav taws xob machinery, industrial tso tshuab, kiv cua, thiab lwm yam.
2. Induction lub cev muaj zog
Lub cev muaj zog induction yog hom tshwj xeeb ntawm AC lub cev muaj zog. Nws rotor yog powered los ntawm magnetic teb induction los ntawm stator lub magnetic teb. Tshwj xeeb, cov windings ntawm lub stator tsim ib qho chaw electromagnetic los ntawm lub hwj chim mov, uas tig thiab yog li ntawd excites ib tug alternating electromotive quab yuam. Qhov no muaj peev xwm tsim eddy tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub rotor, uas nyob rau hauv lem tsim ib tug magnetic teb. Qhov rotor teb no cuam tshuam nrog stator teb, ua rau lub rotor tig.
Muaj ntau hom induction motors: ib-theem induction motors thiab peb-theem induction motors. Peb-theem induction motors feem ntau siv tshaj ib-theem induction motors. Vim tias lub rotor ntawm peb-theem induction lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem tig tau zoo heev. Induction motors muaj qhov zoo ntawm cov nqi khiav lag luam, muaj zog impeller load peev, thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim. Cov motors no zoo tagnrho rau lub teeb rau nruab nrab daim ntaub ntawv xws li kiv cua, twj, centrifuges, compressors, agitators, thiab lwm yam.
3. DC lub cev muaj zog
DC lub cev muaj zog yog lwm hom hluav taws xob lub cev muaj zog. Nws cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib hloov tuaj yeem hloov tau los ntawm kev tswj cov kev taw qhia ntawm DC fais fab mov. Muaj ob hom DC motors: cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov thiab armature. Hauv cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov DC lub cev muaj zog, lub zog sib nqus tsim cov khoom siv hlau nplaum ruaj khov. Nyob rau hauv lub armature DC lub cev muaj zog, lub magnetic teb yog generated ntawm lub armature los ntawm hla ib tug tam sim no.
Cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm DC lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem hloov pauv los ntawm kev hloov pauv lub zog muaj peev xwm. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov hloov pauv ntau dua li lub cev muaj zog. Vim nws txoj kev ua haujlwm siab thiab rov qab los, DC motors tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, xws li tsheb fais fab, tshuab hluav taws xob, khoos phis tawj, khoom ua si thiab lwm yam.
Hauv kev xaus, Universal motors, Induction motors thiab DC motors yog cov motors dav siv hauv kev lag luam, kev ua liaj ua teb thiab pej xeem. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv, cov qauv kev ua haujlwm thiab daim ntawv thov, lawv txhua tus muaj lawv tus kheej zoo thiab cov yam ntxwv. Kev xaiv lub cev muaj zog yuav pab ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua.
